Verdin iMX8M Plus 是 Toradex 采用 NXP 最新的 i.MX 8M Plus 处理器的计算机模块，其具有 4x Cortex-A53 和 Cortex-M7 核心，支持神经网络加速运算的 NPU，H.265 硬件编码，CAN FD ，以及双路千兆以太网。配合 Verdin 开发板，用户可以直接测试两路以太网。文章将对网络性能做简要的测试。
使用 Toradex Easy Installer 安装 Linux BSP v5.3.0， 默认的配置已经支持两路千兆以太网。因此安装完成重启后即可看到两个网络接口。
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root@verdin-imx8mp:~# ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:14:2D:78:82:04
inet addr:192.168.20.120 Bcast:192.168.20.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::214:2dff:fe78:8204/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:5105505 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:5988237 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:7344324802 (6.8 GiB) TX bytes:8611102924 (8.0 GiB)
Interrupt:48
eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:14:2D:68:82:04
inet addr:192.168.200.150 Bcast:192.168.200.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::214:2dff:fe68:8204/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:6686311 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:247321 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:6234153398 (5.8 GiB) TX bytes:8180651220 (7.6 GiB)
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Verdin 开发板分别和两台电脑相连，链路速度为 1000Mbps。
IP 地址设置如下。
PC1:192.168.200.1
PC2:192.168.20.132
Eth0: 192.168.200.150
Eth1:192.168.20.120
测试场景为
l Eth0和 Eth1 单独向 PC1 和 PC2 发送数据
l Eth0和 Eth1同时向 PC1 和 PC2 发送数据
l Eth0和 Eth1 单独接收来自 PC1 和 PC2 的数据
l Eth0和 Eth1 同时接收来自 PC1 和 PC2 的数据
l Eth0 上的数据转发到 Eth1
期间测试模块 Eth0和 Eth1 的最大带宽以及 CPU 占用率。
Eth0和 Eth1 单独向 PC1 和 PC2 发送数据
在 PC1 和 PC2 上运行 iperf3 服务器。
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$ iperf3 -s
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在 Verdin iMX8M Plus 运行 iperf3 向 PC 发送数据。Eth0 和 Eth1 的测试数据如下。
Eth0:
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root@verdin-imx8mp:~# iperf3 -c 192.168.20.132
Connecting to host 192.168.20.132, port 5201
[ 5] local 192.168.20.120 port 34982 connected to 192.168.20.132 port 5201
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate Retr Cwnd
[ 5] 0.00-1.00 sec 114 MBytes 957 Mbits/sec 0 373 KBytes
[ 5] 1.00-2.00 sec 112 MBytes 942 Mbits/sec 0 373 KBytes
[ 5] 2.00-3.00 sec 112 MBytes 937 Mbits/sec 0 410 KBytes
[ 5] 3.00-4.00 sec 112 MBytes 942 Mbits/sec 0 410 KBytes
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate Retr
[ 5] 0.00-10.00 sec 1.10 GBytes 942 Mbits/sec 0 sender
[ 5] 0.00-10.00 sec 1.10 GBytes 941 Mbits/sec receiver
iperf Done.
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Eth1:
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root@verdin-imx8mp:~# iperf3 -c 192.168.200.1
Connecting to host 192.168.200.1, port 5201
[ 5] local 192.168.200.150 port 59206 connected to 192.168.200.1 port 5201
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate Retr Cwnd
[ 5] 0.00-1.00 sec 111 MBytes 934 Mbits/sec 0 1.14 MBytes
[ 5] 1.00-2.00 sec 112 MBytes 944 Mbits/sec 0 1.23 MBytes
[ 5] 2.00-3.00 sec 111 MBytes 933 Mbits/sec 0 1.23 MBytes
[ 5] 3.00-4.00 sec 112 MBytes 943 Mbits/sec 0 1.23 MBytes
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate Retr
[ 5] 0.00-10.00 sec 1.09 GBytes 940 Mbits/sec 0 sender
[ 5] 0.00-10.00 sec 1.09 GBytes 937 Mbits/sec receiver
iperf Done.
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Verdin iMX8M Plus CPU 占用率：
Eth0和 Eth1同时向 PC1 和 PC2 发送数据
Eth0：
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root@verdin-imx8mp:~# iperf3 -c 192.168.20.132
Connecting to host 192.168.20.132, port 5201
[ 5] local 192.168.20.120 port 34994 connected to 192.168.20.132 port 5201
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate Retr Cwnd
[ 5] 0.00-1.00 sec 113 MBytes 949 Mbits/sec 0 438 KBytes
[ 5] 1.00-2.00 sec 112 MBytes 937 Mbits/sec 0 464 KBytes
[ 5] 2.00-3.00 sec 112 MBytes 943 Mbits/sec 0 464 KBytes
[ 5] 3.00-4.00 sec 111 MBytes 935 Mbits/sec 0 464 KBytes
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate Retr
[ 5] 0.00-10.00 sec 1.09 GBytes 940 Mbits/sec 0 sender
[ 5] 0.00-10.00 sec 1.09 GBytes 939 Mbits/sec receiver
iperf Done.
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Eth1：
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root@verdin-imx8mp:~# iperf3 -c 192.168.200.1
Connecting to host 192.168.200.1, port 5201
[ 5] local 192.168.200.150 port 59210 connected to 192.168.200.1 port 5201
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate Retr Cwnd
[ 5] 0.00-1.00 sec 111 MBytes 929 Mbits/sec 0 1.14 MBytes
[ 5] 1.00-2.00 sec 112 MBytes 944 Mbits/sec 0 1.14 MBytes
[ 5] 2.00-3.00 sec 111 MBytes 933 Mbits/sec 0 1.14 MBytes
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate Retr
[ 5] 0.00-10.00 sec 1.09 GBytes 936 Mbits/sec 0 sender
[ 5] 0.00-10.00 sec 1.09 GBytes 933 Mbits/sec receiver
iperf Done.
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Verdin iMX8M Plus CPU 占用率：
Eth0和 Eth1 单独接收来自 PC1 和 PC2 的数据
在 Verdin iMX8M Plus 分别运行 iperf3 服务器，针对 Eth0 和 Eth1 使用不同的端口。
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root@verdin-imx8mp:~# iperf3 -B 192.168.20.120 -s
root@verdin-imx8mp:~# iperf3 -B 192.168.200.150 -p 5202 -s
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Eth0：
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root@verdin-imx8mp:~# iperf3 -B 192.168.20.120 -s
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Server listening on 5201
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Accepted connection from 192.168.20.132, port 48674
[ 5] local 192.168.20.120 port 5201 connected to 192.168.20.132 port 48676
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate
[ 5] 0.00-1.00 sec 111 MBytes 933 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 1.00-2.00 sec 111 MBytes 935 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 2.00-3.00 sec 111 MBytes 934 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 3.00-4.00 sec 111 MBytes 935 Mbits/sec
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate
[ 5] 0.00-10.00 sec 1.09 GBytes 934 Mbits/sec receiver
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Server listening on 5201
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Eth1：
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root@verdin-imx8mp:~# iperf3 -B 192.168.200.150 -p 5202 -s
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Server listening on 5202
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Accepted connection from 192.168.200.1, port 47290
[ 5] local 192.168.200.150 port 5202 connected to 192.168.200.1 port 47292
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate
[ 5] 0.00-1.00 sec 110 MBytes 919 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 1.00-2.00 sec 112 MBytes 939 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 2.00-3.00 sec 112 MBytes 941 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 3.00-4.00 sec 112 MBytes 941 Mbits/sec
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate
[ 5] 0.00-10.00 sec 1.09 GBytes 938 Mbits/sec receiver
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Verdin iMX8M Plus CPU 占用率：
Eth0和 Eth1 同时接收来自 PC1 和 PC2 的数据
Eth0：
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root@verdin-imx8mp:~# iperf3 -B 192.168.20.120 -s
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Server listening on 5201
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Accepted connection from 192.168.20.132, port 48712
[ 5] local 192.168.20.120 port 5201 connected to 192.168.20.132 port 48714
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate
[ 5] 0.00-1.00 sec 111 MBytes 931 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 1.00-2.00 sec 111 MBytes 934 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 2.00-3.00 sec 111 MBytes 934 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 3.00-4.00 sec 111 MBytes 935 Mbits/sec
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate
[ 5] 0.00-10.00 sec 1.09 GBytes 934 Mbits/sec receiver
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Server listening on 5201
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Eth1：
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root@verdin-imx8mp:~# iperf3 -B 192.168.200.150 -p 5202 -s
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Server listening on 5202
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Accepted connection from 192.168.200.1, port 47308
[ 5] local 192.168.200.150 port 5202 connected to 192.168.200.1 port 47310
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate
[ 5] 0.00-1.00 sec 110 MBytes 919 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 1.00-2.00 sec 112 MBytes 941 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 2.00-3.00 sec 112 MBytes 941 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 3.00-4.00 sec 112 MBytes 941 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 4.00-5.00 sec 112 MBytes 941 Mbits/sec
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate
[ 5] 0.00-10.00 sec 1.08 GBytes 928 Mbits/sec receiver
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Server listening on 5202
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Verdin iMX8M Plus CPU 占用率：
Eth0 上的数据转发到 Eth1
为了将 Eth0 的数据转发到 Eth1，需要设置 /etc/sysctl.conf 。
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# needed for routing, including masquerading or NAT
net/ipv4/ip_forward=1
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然后运行 sysctl 另设置生效，当然重启系统也可以。
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root@verdin-imx8mp:~# sysctl -p
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设置转发规则。
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root@verdin-imx8mp:~# iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE
root@verdin-imx8mp:~# iptables -A FORWARD -m conntrack --ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
root@verdin-imx8mp:~# iptables -A FORWARD -i eth1 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT
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在 PC2 上启动 iperf3 服务器，PC 1 运行 iper3 客户端发送数据，所有的数据由 Verdin iMX8M Plus 负责从 Eth0 转发到 Eth1 上。
PC2 Server:
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$ iperf3 -s
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Server listening on 5201
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Accepted connection from 192.168.20.120, port 55360
[ 5] local 192.168.20.132 port 5201 connected to 192.168.20.120 port 55362
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate
[ 5] 0.00-1.00 sec 105 MBytes 881 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 1.00-2.00 sec 111 MBytes 928 Mbits/sec
[ 5] 2.00-3.00 sec 110 MBytes 921 Mbits/sec
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate
[ 5] 0.00-10.00 sec 1.08 GBytes 931 Mbits/sec receiver
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PC1 Client:
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$ iperf3 -c 192.168.20.132
Connecting to host 192.168.20.132, port 5201
[ 5] local 192.168.200.1 port 55362 connected to 192.168.20.132 port 5201
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate Retr Cwnd
[ 5] 0.00-1.00 sec 108 MBytes 904 Mbits/sec 0 471 KBytes
[ 5] 1.00-2.00 sec 110 MBytes 926 Mbits/sec 0 492 KBytes
[ 5] 2.00-3.00 sec 109 MBytes 916 Mbits/sec 0 492 KBytes
[ 5] 3.00-4.00 sec 112 MBytes 938 Mbits/sec 0 492 KBytes
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate Retr
[ 5] 0.00-10.00 sec 1.09 GBytes 934 Mbits/sec 0 sender
[ 5] 0.00-10.00 sec 1.08 GBytes 931 Mbits/sec receiver
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Verdin iMX8M Plus CPU 占用率：
数据汇总如下。
两个千兆网口无论是在单独还是同时收发数据时都达到920Mbps 以上，包括网口之间的数据转发，基本接近满带宽。在 CPU 占用方面，当两个千兆网口以接近满带宽速率同时工作时，其中一个核心站占用率会超过 70%。
总结
Verdin iMX8M Plus 的双网口设计为多网口需求的应用提供了理想的选择，例如在工业自动化中，一个网口运行实时性要求高的应用如 EtherCAT，而另外一个则可以用于一般的网络通信。或者另一个网口可以用作冗余接口，或者连接两个不同的网络。Verdin iMX8M Plus 还有许多其他实用的功能，我们会在后续的文章进行介绍
